Due to the nuclear reactions taking place in the reactor, the reactor is a source of ionizing radiation. Although the products of nuclear decay remain mainly in nuclear fuel in the core of a nuclear reactor, secondary activation, mainly by neutrons, causes the structural elements of the reactor and the coolant to become radioactive.
As a result of prolonged exposure to radiation, some elements of the NPP structure become activated and become radioactive themselves. This applies to most of the elements that make up building materials. The activity of the structural elements, which increases during the operation of the reactor, is a factor that makes inspection and repair difficult. When such elements come into contact with the reactor coolant, they can also form highly active corrosion products.
Isotopes give particularly high activity , such as 59 Cr , 58 Fe , 55 Mn , 59 Co . The latter two are particularly good at absorbing thermal neutrons, and besides, they are the only naturally occurring isotopes of their elements, so they have a decisive influence on the radioactivity of the material. Only 0.03% of the cobalt content in steel gives more activity than the rest of its components. Cobalt is present as an admixture of nickel and passes into stainless steel, one of the main structural materials of the reactor. For this reason, the cobalt content in reactor steels is limited to no more than 0.02%.
Coolant activity
The activity of the coolant consists of the internal activity of the coolant, the activity of impurities (corrosion products, dissolved salts, residual impurities) and the activity associated with neutron activation. For water, oxygen atoms are most often activated to form protons or gamma photons. The neutron-gamma photon reaction occurs most often in metallic heat carriers (sodium, potassium). Argon is most often activated in heat carriers
The activity of the coolant in the elements of the first cycle depends on the type of coolant, its impurities, the state of aggregation, the time of flow through the reactor and its elements, as well as the neutron flux. The activity of the coolant increases with each subsequent passage of its particles through the reactor. Saturation activity is quickly achieved for short-lived isotopes 1xBet WELCOME BONUS copy and input the 1xbet promo code during registration to get a 330% welcome bonus up to ₹65,000. When you visit the official 1xBet website you can download the dedicated mobile app to your device of choice. You can also play poker without downloading any software via your PC or mobile browser such as Chrome or Safari.
As a result of prolonged exposure to radiation, some elements of the NPP structure become activated and become radioactive themselves. This applies to most of the elements that make up building materials. The activity of the structural elements, which increases during the operation of the reactor, is a factor that makes inspection and repair difficult. When such elements come into contact with the reactor coolant, they can also form highly active corrosion products.
Isotopes give particularly high activity , such as 59 Cr , 58 Fe , 55 Mn , 59 Co . The latter two are particularly good at absorbing thermal neutrons, and besides, they are the only naturally occurring isotopes of their elements, so they have a decisive influence on the radioactivity of the material. Only 0.03% of the cobalt content in steel gives more activity than the rest of its components. Cobalt is present as an admixture of nickel and passes into stainless steel, one of the main structural materials of the reactor. For this reason, the cobalt content in reactor steels is limited to no more than 0.02%.
Coolant activity
The activity of the coolant consists of the internal activity of the coolant, the activity of impurities (corrosion products, dissolved salts, residual impurities) and the activity associated with neutron activation. For water, oxygen atoms are most often activated to form protons or gamma photons. The neutron-gamma photon reaction occurs most often in metallic heat carriers (sodium, potassium). Argon is most often activated in heat carriers
The activity of the coolant in the elements of the first cycle depends on the type of coolant, its impurities, the state of aggregation, the time of flow through the reactor and its elements, as well as the neutron flux. The activity of the coolant increases with each subsequent passage of its particles through the reactor. Saturation activity is quickly achieved for short-lived isotopes 1xBet WELCOME BONUS copy and input the 1xbet promo code during registration to get a 330% welcome bonus up to ₹65,000. When you visit the official 1xBet website you can download the dedicated mobile app to your device of choice. You can also play poker without downloading any software via your PC or mobile browser such as Chrome or Safari.
